分析引起环氧地坪基層裂縫的原因

我們在進行环氧地坪施工的時候會遇到环氧地坪基層存在裂縫的情況，這些裂縫產生的原因是怎麼樣的呢?我們又該如何針對具體情況進行一些預防、處理呢?混凝土是一種由砂石骨料、水泥、水及其他外加材料混合而形成的非均質脆性材料。由於混凝土施工和本身變形、約束等一系列問題，硬化成型的混凝土中存在著眾多的微孔隙、氣穴和微裂縫，正是由於這些初始缺陷的存在才使混凝土呈現出一些非均質的特性。
During the construction of epoxy flooring, we will encounter cracks in the base of epoxy flooring. What are the causes of these cracks? How can we prevent and deal with them? Concrete is a heterogeneous brittle material composed of aggregate, cement, water and other admixtures. Due to a series of problems such as concrete construction, deformation and restraint, there are many micro-voids, voids and micro-cracks in hardened concrete. It is precisely because of these initial defects that concrete presents some heterogeneous characteristics.
對於工業廠房地面澆註的混凝土因需滿足對效率及質量的要求，多采用商品混凝土，混凝土原材料質量控制、配合比計量控制以及混凝土攪拌、運送、泵送澆註的技術含量較高，盡管混凝土的養護也做到瞭盡善盡美，混凝土的裂縫卻變成瞭不可避免的事，真可謂沒有不裂的混凝土。
As for the concrete poured on the ground of industrial factory 彩色沥清地坪buildings to meet the requirements of efficiency and quality, commercial concrete is mostly used. The quality control of concrete raw materials, the measurement control of mix proportion and the technical content of concrete mixing, transportation and pumping pouring are relatively high. Although the maintenance of concrete has been perfect, the cracks of concrete have become inevitable. There is cracked concrete.
混凝土的裂縫已從特殊性轉化為普遍性;從可以控制發展成不可控制，已成為混凝土質量的通病。這樣一來對於环氧地坪塗裝表面效果造成瞭極大的影響。
Cracks in concrete have changed from particularity to universality, from controllable to uncontrollable, which has become a common problem of concrete quality. In this way, the surface effect of epoxy floor coating has been greatly affected.
⑴ 混凝土表面裂痕的原因包括：
(1) The causes of cracks on concrete surface include:
* 含水量的變化 * 溫度
* Change of Water Content*Temperature
* 載荷及支承條件引起的變形 * 接縫處理
* Deformation Caused by Load and Supporting Conditions*Joint Treatment
所有這些原因主要源於混凝土內部的位移;若不做處理，表面裂縫將會進一步增加。雖然這種裂縫很少會影響到混凝土內部的結構整體性，但它影響外觀。而且，可能還會導致其它問題和麻煩的發生(主要取決於裂縫的長短、寬窄、位移及變形)。
All these reasons are mainly due to the displacement inside the concrete; if not treated, the surface cracks will further increase. Although this kind of crack seldom affects the integrity of the internal structure of concrete, it affects the appearance. Moreover, other problems and troubles may occur (mainly depending on the length, width, displacement and deformation of the crack).
① 細裂縫(網狀、龜裂狀)
(1) Fine cracks (reticulate, tortoise-shaped)
細裂縫發生在表面，呈規則或不規則的網絡狀。裂縫的深度一般不超過3mm，常見於硬結的金屬鏝抹表面或潮濕的表面。典型的裂縫呈六邊型，通常在早期形成。雖然細裂縫不影響混凝土的結構整體性，不影響其耐久性和耐磨性，但它十分顯眼，影響美觀。
Fine cracks occur on the surface, in a regular or irregular network. The depth of cracks is generally not more than 3 mm, which is common on hard metal trowel surface or wet surface. Typical cracks are hexagonal, usually formed in the early stage. Although the fine cracks do not affect the integrity of the concrete structure and its durability and wear resistance, they are very conspicuous and affect the beauty.
②塑性收縮開裂
(2) Plastic shrinkage cracking
這類裂縫出現在對新澆築的混凝土表面作抹面處理時或抹面處理後不久。這種裂縫的間距一般大至1m，平行排列(或呈雞爪狀)，深12mm，很少擴展至周邊。與龜裂類似，塑性收縮裂紋很少會影響混凝土的強度，但影響美觀。多數情況下，這種形式的開裂是由於表面水分的蒸發超過瞭表面水分的析出，當表面收縮時，內部的混凝土體積仍保持透水地坪不變。
Such cracks occur when new concrete surface is treated with plastering or shortly after plastering. This kind of crack is usually 1 m apart, arranged in parallel (or in chicken claw shape), 12 m m deep, and seldom extends to the periphery. Similar to tortoise cracks, plastic shrinkage cracks rarely affect the strength of concrete, but affect the beauty. In most cases, this form of cracking is due to the evaporation of surface water exceeding the precipitation of surface water. When the surface shrinks, the volume of internal concrete remains unchanged.
⑵ 混凝土溫度應力深層裂縫和貫通裂縫同屬結構破壞裂縫，表層修補基本作用不大,需從裂開基面徹底切開進行修補補強。
(2) Both deep cracks and through cracks of concrete under thermal stress belong to structural damage cracks. Surface repair has little effect and needs to be repaired thoroughly from the cracked base surface.
以上提到的三種裂縫形式，伸縮縫和施工縫是為滿足混凝土應力變化而人為設置的，溫度應力裂縫是由於混凝土本身應力變化而產生的。
The three types of cracks mentioned above, expansion joints and construction joints are set up artificially to meet the change of concrete stress. Temperature stress cracks are caused by the change of concrete stress itself.