怎樣提高不銹鋼冷凝器傳熱效率

不銹鋼冷凝器是綜合反應容器，根據反應條件對冷凝器結構功能及配置附件的設計。從開始的進料-反應-出料均能夠以較高的自動化程度完成預先設定好的反應步驟，對反應過程中的溫度、壓力、力學控制（攪拌、鼓風等）、反應物/產物濃度等重要參數進行嚴格的調控。冷凝器材質一般有碳錳鋼、不銹鋼、鋯、鎳基（哈氏、蒙乃爾）合金及其它復合材料。
Stainless steel condenser is a compre彩色沥清地坪hensive reaction vessel. According to the reaction conditions, the structure, function and accessories of the condenser are designed. From the beginning, feeding-reaction-discharging can complete the pre-set reaction steps with a high degree of automation, and strictly control the important parameters such as temperature, pressure, mechanical control (agitation, blast, etc.) and reactant/product concentration in the reaction process. Condenser materials generally include carbon-manganese steel, stainless steel, zirconium, nickel-based (Harrington, Monel) alloys and other composite materials.
冷凝器可采用SUS304、SUS316L等不銹鋼材料制造。加熱、冷卻可采用夾套、半管、盤管、米勒板等結構，不銹鋼冷凝器加熱方式有蒸汽、電加熱、導熱油，以滿足耐酸、耐高溫、耐磨損、抗腐蝕等不同工作环境的工藝需要。可根據用戶工藝要求進行設計、制造。不銹鋼冷凝器由釜體、釜蓋、夾套、攪拌器、傳動裝置、軸封裝置、支承等組成。攪拌形式一般有錨式、槳式、渦輪式、推進式或框式等，攪拌裝置在高徑比較大時，可用多層攪拌槳葉，也可根據用戶的要求任意選配。並在釜壁外設置夾套，或在器內設置換熱面，也可通過外循环進行換熱。加熱方式有電加熱、熱水加熱、導熱油循环加熱、遠紅外加熱、外(內)盤管加熱等，冷卻方式為夾套冷卻和釜內盤管冷卻，攪拌槳葉的形式等。支承座有支承式或耳式支座等。轉速超過160轉以上宜使用齒輪減速機.開孔數量、規格或其它要求可根據用戶要求設計、制作。攪拌器有錨式、框式、槳式、渦輪式，刮板式，組合式，轉動機構可采用擺線針輪減速機、無級變速減速機或變頻調速等，可滿足各種物料的特殊反應要求。不銹鋼冷凝器密封裝置可采用機械密封、填料密封等密封結構。反應介質环氧地坪的加熱和冷卻均采用內置板式換熱器，傳熱系數比傳統的盤管式換熱器高 40% ，而且板式換熱器結構較緊湊，有利於在容積較大的冷凝器內佈置充足的加熱和冷卻面積，使樹脂的合成反應過程進行得更加均勻、穩定。合理地利用熱能，選擇最佳的工藝操作條件，加強保溫措施，提高傳熱效率，使熱損失降至最低限度，餘熱或反應後產生的熱能充分地綜合利用。熱管技術的應用，將是今後冷凝器發展趨勢。大容積化，這是增加產量、減少批量生產之間的質量誤差、降低產品成本的有效途徑和發展趨勢。染料生產用冷凝器國內多為6000L以下，其它行業有的達30m3；國外在染料行業有20000～40000L，而其它行業可達120 m3。
The condenser can be made of stainless steel such as SUS304 and SUS316L. Heating and cooling can adopt jacket, half pipe, coil, Miller plate and other structures. The heating mode of stainless steel condenser includes steam, electric heating and heat conducting oil to meet the technological needs of acid, high temperature, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and other different working environments. It can be designed and manufactured according to user's technological requirements. Stainless steel condenser is composed of kettle body, kettle cover, jacket, agitator, transmission device, shaft encapsulation device, support and so on. There are anchor type, propeller type, turbine type, propulsive type or frame type in mixing form. When the height and diameter of mixing device are large, multi-layer impeller blades can be used, and optional matching can be made according to user's requirements. A jacket is arranged outside the vessel wall, or a heat exchange surface is arranged inside the vessel, and heat transfer can also be carried out through an external circulation. The heating modes include electric heating, hot water heating, heat conducting oil circulating heating, far infrared heating, outer (inner) coil heating and so on. The cooling modes are jacket cooling, inner coil cooling and impeller blade mixing. Supporting pedestal has supporting type or ear type support, etc. Gear reducer should be used when the speed exceeds 160 revolutions. The number, specifications or other requirements of opening can be designed and manufactured according to user's requirements. The agitator has anchor type, frame type, propeller type, turbine type, scraper type, combined type. The rotating mechanism can adopt cycloidal pinwheel reducer, stepless speed reducer or variable frequency speed regulation, etc. It can meet the special reaction requirements of various materials. The sealing device of stainless steel condenser can adopt mechanical seal, packing seal and other sealing structures. The inner plate heat exchanger is used to heat and cool the reaction medium. The heat transfer coefficient is 40% higher than that of the traditional coil heat exchanger. The plate heat exchanger has a compact structure, which is conducive to arranging sufficient heating and cooling area in the larger condenser and making the synthetic reaction process of resin more uniform and stable. Reasonable utilization of heat energy, selection of the best process operating conditions, strengthening thermal insulation measures, improving heat transfer efficiency, so as to minimize heat loss, heat generated by waste heat or reaction can be fully utilized. The application of heat pipe technology will be the development trend of condenser in the future. Large volume is an effective way and development trend to increase output, reduce quality errors between batch production and reduce product cost. Condensers for dyestuff production are mostly below 6000L in China, and some of them are up to 30m3 in other industries. There are 20 000-40 000 L condensators for dyestuff production abroad, and 120 m3 condensators for other industries.
冷凝器的攪拌器，已由單一攪拌器發展到用雙攪拌器或外加泵強制循环。冷凝器發展趨勢除瞭裝有攪拌器外，尚使釜體沿水平線旋轉，從而提高反應速度。
The agitator of condenser has been developed from a single agitator to a double agitator or forced circulation with an external pump. The development trend of condenser is not only equipped with agitator, but also rotates the kettle along the horizontal line, so as to improve the reaction speed.
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