生物質熱風爐供熱系統中的定壓方式

生物質熱風爐供熱系統中的定壓方式：在高溫熱水供給系統中，由於水溫高於常壓下水的飽和溫度，因而，系統中壓力應當堅持高於相應供水溫度的飽和壓力，這樣才能夠避免熱水汽化和發作水沖擊。水是不可緊縮的流體，一旦走漏就會降壓;相反，水加熱又 會體積收縮，假如不能穩定壓力，也會毀壞供熱系統中的設備。由此，為瞭避免降壓汽化和收縮升壓，高溫熱水系統必需穩定系統內的壓力，這就是定壓。熱水供熱系統的定壓方式有以下幾種：Fixed pressure mode in biomass hot stove heating system: In high temperature hot water supply system, because the water temperature is higher than the saturation temperature of water under normal pressure, the pressure in the system should be higher than the saturation pressure of the corresponding water supply temperature, so as to avoid hot water vaporization and water shock. Water is an uncompressible fluid. Once it leaks, it will reduce the pressure. On the contrary, water heating will shrink the volume. If the pressure cannot be stabilized, it will also destroy the equipment in the heating system. Therefore, in order to avoid pressure reduction, vaporization and contraction, high temperature hot water system must stabilize the pressure in the system, which is constant pressure. There are several ways of constant pressure for hot water heating systems.1），采用高架水箱定壓方式1) adopt the constant pressure mode of elevated water tank.這種方式的定壓點設在熱水循环泵入口或回水主幹線上，安裝僅僅為一隻高架水箱，其構造簡單，工作穩定牢靠，能穩定系統壓力，並能滿足系統網絡的溢水和補水請求。在這種系統中，水箱裝置高度必需滿足使系統中最高點不汽化的請求。因而，裝置位置較高。這種定壓方式適用與供熱范圍不大的低溫水供熱系統中。The fixed pressure point of this method is located at the inlet or backwater main line of the hot water circulating pump. It is only installed as an elevated water tank. It has simple structure, stable and reliable operation, can stabilize the system pressure, and can meet the overflow and water supply requirements of the system network. In this system, the height of the water tank device must satisfy the request that the highest point of the syste彩色沥清地坪m is not vaporized. Therefore, the device has a higher position. This constant pressure method is applicable to the low temperature water heating system with small heating area.2），采用補給水泵定壓方式2) adopt the constant pressure way of recharge pump.供熱系統壓力較高時，采用高級水箱不能保證系統所需的壓力，此時，應當采用補給水泵定壓方式。這種定壓方式在蘇聯熱水熱風爐供熱系統中被普遍應用。補給水泵定壓有連續補水定壓和連續補水定壓兩種方式。 此生物質熱風爐定壓方式的安裝由補給水箱，補給水泵，壓力調理器等組成。當系統運轉正常時，經過壓力調理器調理使補給水泵連續補水並使之與系統的走漏量相順應，從而維持系統壓力的穩定。當循环水泵停運時，能夠關閉壓力調理器前的截止閥。補給水泵仍連續補水以維持系統所需的靜壓。這種定壓方式無需收縮水箱，因此設備費用低廉，此外，補給水泵又補水又定壓，水泵功率不大，運轉費用也很小。因而，這種方式在我國熱水供熱系統中應用相當普遍。 這種定壓方式最大的缺陷是假如系統忽然停電時，補給水泵將失去定壓作用。為避免此時熱風爐缺水汽化，系統中采用瞭壓力上水輔助型安裝，當循环水泵運轉時，由於上水輔助安裝，循环水不會倒灌到壓力上升系統中去。當忽然停電而使循环水泵，補給水泵停運時，壓力上水系統立刻投入運轉，止回閥被自動翻開，壓力水將流經熱水熱風爐並從集氣罐排出，從而防止瞭爐室餘熱惹起鍋水汽化。與此同時的操作是應該關閉供，回熱水管總閥，使得熱源和熱網隔絕開來。 生物質熱風爐補給水泵連續補水定壓由電接點壓力表控制來完成，循环水泵入口壓力能夠維持在一定范圍內，當壓力低於這個范圍時，電接點壓力表動作並接通補給水泵電動機電路，補給水泵運轉，補水，熱水循环泵入口壓力升高並超越一定范圍時，熱水熱風爐的壓力表就是切斷補給水泵電源，是補給水泵停運。如此往復動作，補給水泵連續補水，並維持系統壓力在一定范圍內動搖，這樣系統定壓方式，由於連續補水，就比連續補水儉省電能，但是其調理和定壓質量比連續補水方式要差，還有壓力動搖大，壓力表觸點動作頻繁易於損壞等缺陷。When the pressure of heating system is high, the use of advanced water tank can not guarantee the pressure required by the system. At this time, the way of constant pressure of supply pump should be adopted. This constant pressure method is widely applied in the Soviet hot water hot stove heating system. There are two ways to supply water pumps: constant pressure and constant pressure. The installation of the constant pressure mode of the biomass hot blast stove consists of a supply water tank, a supply water pump, a pressure regulator, etc. When the system is in normal operation, the pressure regulator is used to make the supply pump continuously replenish water and make it conform to the leakage of the system, so as to maintain the stability of the system pressure. When the circulating pump is out of service, the cut-off valve before the pressure regulator can be closed. The replenishment pump continues to replenishment to maintain the static pressure required by the system. This constant pressure method does not need to shrink the water tank, so the cost of equipment is low. In addition, the supply pump is also constant pressure, the pump power is not large, and the operation cost is small. Therefore, this method is quite popular in China's hot water heating system. The biggest defect of this constant pressure method is that if the power system is suddenly cut off, the supply pump will lose its constant pressure function. In order to avoid water shortage and vaporization of hot blast stove at this time, the system adopts pressure water auxiliary installation. When the circulating water pump is running, because of the auxiliary installation of water, circulating water will not be poured back into the pressure rising system. When the circulating water pump and the supply water pump are shut down due to a sudden power failure, the pressure water supply system is put into operation immediately, the check valve is automatically opened, and the pressure water will flow through the hot air stove and be discharged from the gas collecting tank, thus preventing the boiler water vaporization caused by the residual heat of the furnace chamber. At the same time, the operation is to turn off the supply and reheat the main valve of the water pipe, so that the heat source and the heat supply network will be cut off. The constant pressure of feedwater pump for biomass hot blast stove is controlled by electric contact pressure gauge. The inlet pressure of circulating water pump can be maintained in a certain range. When the pressure is below this range, the electric contact pressure gauge acts and connects the motor circuit of feedwater pump. The feedwater pump runs, replenishes water and the inlet pressure of hot water circulating pump. When rising and beyond a certain range, the pressure gauge of hot water stove is to cut off the power supply of the recharge pump, and the recharge pump is out of operation. Such reciprocating action, supply pump continuously replenish water, and maintain the system pressure to shake in a certain range, so that the system constant pressure mode, because of continuous replenishment of water, is better than continuous replenishment of water to save electricity, but its conditioning and pressure quality is worse than continuous replenishment mode, there is pressure fluctuation, pressure gauge contact action is frequent and easy to damage. Defects such as bad.生物質熱風爐種類：Types of biomass hot blast stove:生物質熱風爐按其用途大概分為兩類：一種是生物質熱能熱風爐，另一種是生物質電能熱風爐。還有：生物質熱水爐,生物質熱風爐Biomass hot stoves can be divided into two categories according to their uses: one is biomass hot stove, the other is biomass electric energy hot stove. Also: biomass hot water stove, biomass hot stove.其實，二者的原理基本相同，都是通過燃燒生物質燃料獲取能量，隻是第一種直接獲取熱能，第二種將熱能又轉化成電能。在這兩種熱風爐中，第一種又是現在應用最廣泛，技術比較成熟的。In fact透水地坪, the two principles are basically the same, they are all through the combustion of biomass fuels to obtain energy, but the first kind of direct access to heat, the second kind of heat energy into electricity. Among the two kinds of hot-air furnaces, the first is the most widely applied technology.如果繼續細分的話，第一種熱風爐——生物質熱能熱風爐，還可以分為三類：If we continue to subdivide, the first type of hot blast stove, biomass heat stove, can also be divided into three categories:第一類：小型生物質熱能熱風爐。此種熱風爐使用固化或氣化的生物質燃料，提供熱水形式的熱能，它的優點是體積小，結構簡單，價格低；缺點是，能量損耗大，燃料消耗量大，熱能供給量低，無法滿足熱能需求量大的用戶，該種熱風爐目標為單戶農村傢庭的取暖和生活熱水的供給。The first type: small biomass heat stove. This kind of hot blast stove uses solidified or gasified biomass fuel to provide heat energy in the form of hot water. Its advantages are small size, simple structure and low price. Its disadvantages are large energy consumption, large fuel consumption, low heat supply, which can not meet the large demand for heat energy. This kind of hot blast stove aims at single rural household. Heating and domestic hot water supply.第二類：中型生物質熱能熱風爐。此類熱風爐主要使用固化生物質燃料，提供熱水或蒸汽。它的優點是技術比較成熟，能量損耗小，熱能供給能力較強；缺點是部分熱風爐燃料結焦，配套設計不合理。山東希爾生物質能源公司的“螺旋風翅燃燒器技術”很好的解決瞭中型生物質熱風爐的燃燒不充分、結焦等現象。The second category: medium biomass heat energy stove. This type of hot stove mainly uses solidified biomass fuel to provide hot water or steam. Its advantages are mature technology, low energy consumption and strong heat supply capacity, while its disadvantages are coking of some hot stove fuel and unreasonable matching design. The "Spiral Wing Burner Technology" of Shandong Hill Biomass Energy Company has solved the problems of insufficient combustion and coking of medium-sized biomass hot stove.第三類：大型生物質熱能熱風爐。此類熱風爐並沒有實際產品，主要原因是現有的技術並不完善，且對於生物質替代燃煤的國傢政策不健全，因此，隻停留在概念上。它所強調的是一種集中管理、集中控制的熱能工程，熱風爐The third category: large biomass heat stove. This kind of hot blast stove has no actual product, the main reason is that the existing technology is not perfect, and the national policy of biomass instead of coal is not perfect, so it only stays on the concept. What it emphasizes is a centralized management, centralized control of thermal energy engineering, hot stove.