高精度冷拔鋼管技術的應用前景

高精度冷拔鋼管是經濟建設中重要的原材料之一，素有工業“血管”之稱。精密鋼管廣泛地被用作機械工業用管（主要是液壓與氣動缸體管、液壓輸油管、汽車傳動軸管和半軸套管、軸承鋼管、皮帶傳送托輥管、印染輥管等）、石油地質工業用管（油泵管、鉆探管、油管、套管、鉆桿等）、化工用管（石油裂化管、化肥用高壓管、化工設備及管道用管）、電站鍋爐和熱交換器管等。
High precision cold drawn steel pipe is one of the most important raw materials in economic construction. Precision steel pipes are widely used in machinery industry (mainly hydraulic and pneumatic cylinder pipes, hydraulic oil pipes, automotive transmission shaft pipes and half-shaft sleeves, bearing steel pipes, belt conveyor rollers, printing and dyeing rollers, etc.), petroleum geology industry pipes (oil pump pipes, drilling pipes, tubing, casing, drill pipes, etc.), and chemical industry pipes. (High pressure pipes for petroleum cracking, chemical fertilizer, chemical equipment and pipes), utility boilers and heat exchanger pipes, etc.
隨著我國經濟建設的不斷發展和技術的不斷進步、精密鋼管的應用范圍會不斷擴大、需求量也會越來越大。據內部資料，德國曼內斯曼生產的冷拔精密管材在其國內售價在4萬元人民幣/噸，因此在解決好坯管材質、規格、質量情況下，開拓精密鋼管國際市場，出口創匯的潛力很大。從原料市場來看，我國已基本形成東北鞍鋼，西北包頭，華北天津，華東上海，西南成都和中南衡陽的六大無縫鋼管生產基地。我國直縫冷拔鋼管機組已近1600套，1986年以來引進瞭200多套，φ219mm以上的大中口徑直縫冷拔鋼管機組已有18套，其中廣東番禹冷拔鋼管廠φ320機組，張傢口寧遠鋼廠的φ114機組，徐州光环公司中的φ219機組，寶雞鋼管廠的φ426機組，錦西鋼管廠的φ508機組等，可以生產油井管、輸送管、機械用管等高檔次產品，將是生產DOM機械用管可靠的冷拔鋼管坯供應商。
With the continuous development of China's economic construction and technological progress, the scope of application of precision steel pipes will continue to expand, the demand will be growing. According to the internal information, the cold-drawn precision pipes manufactured by Mannesmann in Germany are sold at RMB 40,000 per ton in China. Therefore, in order to solve the problems of billet material, specifications and quality, it has great potential to open up the international market of precision pipes and earn foreign exchange through export. Looking from the raw material market, China has basically formed six seamless steel pipe production bases in Northeast Angang, Northwest Baotou, North China Tianjin, East China Shanghai, Southwest Chengdu and Hengyang. There are nearly 1600 s环氧地坪ets of straight welded pipe mills in China. Since 1986, more than 200 sets of large and medium-sized straight welded pipe mills with a diameter of more than 219mm have been imported. Among them, Guangdong Fanyu Welded Pipe Plant has 18 sets, Zhangjiakou Ningyuan Steel Plant has 114 sets, Xuzhou Guanghuan Company has a set of 219 sets, Baoji Steel Pipe Plant has a set of 426 sets, Jinxi Steel Pipe Plant has 18 sets. It will be a reliable supplier of welded pipe blanks for DOM mechanical pipes.
目前我國還沒有專業化的高精度冷拔鋼管，我們可借鑒國際鋼管企業的一些建廠模式和經驗。日本是一個鋼管出口大國，其鋼管質量居世界首位。日本六大鋼鐵公司中有四個（新日本鋼鐵、住友金屬工業、日本鋼管（NKK）和川崎鋼鐵）都生產鋼管。日本丸一鋼管公司是一個比較大的，但不能自供原料的鋼管公司，年產118.8萬t鋼管，產品有鍍鋅管、異型管、機械用管、標準輸氣輸水管等。位於大阪的原田鋼管公司年產1.2萬t液壓缸筒等精密鋼管，主要生產手段是冷拔。總部位於大阪的片倉鋼管公司建有世界大的700噸冷拔機，在大阪、廣島和東京都建有精密鋼管生產廠，年產4.92萬t精密鋼管。
At present, there is no specialized high-precision cold-drawn steel pipe in our country. We can draw lessons from the construction mode and experience of international steel pipe enterprises. Japan is a big exporter of steel pipe, and its steel tube quality ranks first in the world. Four of Japan's six major steelmakers (New Japan Steel, Sumitomo Metals, NKK and Kawasaki) produce steel pipes. Japan Maruyi Steel Pipe Co., Ltd. is a relatively large steel pipe company, but can not provide raw materials for itself. The annual output of 1.88 million tons of steel pipes, products are galvanized pipes, profiled pipes, mechanical pipes, standard gas pipelines and so on. Harada Steel Tube Co., Ltd., located in Osaka, produces 12,000 tons of precision steel pipes such as hydraulic cylinders annually. The main production method is cold drawing. Headquartered in Osaka, Chicang Steel Tube Company has a world-wide 700-ton cold-drawing machine and a precision steel tube production plant in Osaka, Hiroshima and Tokyo, with an annual output of 492,000 tons.
二、高精度冷拔鋼管行業需求
Two, high precision cold drawn steel pipe industry demand
（1）工程液壓機械：如液壓汽車吊、挖掘機、推土機、叉車等。
(1) engineering hydraulic machinery, such as hydraulic truck crane, excavator, bulldozer, forklift truck and so on.
（2）煤礦井下液壓支架：目前全國生產井下液壓支架的企業有48傢，高精度冷拔管的總需求量約為120萬米。
(2) Coal mine underground hydraulic support: At present, there are 48 enterprises producing underground hydraulic support in China. The total demand of high-precision cold-drawn pipe is about 1.2 million meters.
（3）水電站閘門啟閉機、模板機，特別是長江三峽工程在今後十年的需求很大。
(3) There is a great demand for gate hoists and formwork machines for hydropower stations, especially for the Three Gorges Project.
（4）建築機械：高空作業升降機械，一般建築的施工修繕也離不開液壓機械。
(4) Construction machinery: lifting machinery for high-altitude operations, the construction and repair of general buildings can not be separated from hydraulic machinery.
（5）石油地質管：全國各油田每年需抽油泵3萬臺以上，年消耗高精度管20—40多萬米、此外還可用本項技術精整各類鉆桿。
(5) Petroleum geologic pipe: every oilfield in the country needs more than 30,000 pumps every year, consumes more than 200-400,000 meters of high precision annually, in addition, this technology can be used to finish all kinds of drill pipes.
（6）兵器工業：軍工部門現在用旋壓方法加工槍炮管，旋壓方法生產率低而成本高，用冷拔方法生產則更為合適。
(6) Weapon industry: the military industry now uses spinning method to process gun barrels. The spinning method is of low productivity and high cost, and the cold drawing method is more suitable for production.
（7）軸承行業：目前聊城鵬煜鋼管生產的高精度冷拔鋼管滾動軸承座圈的生產，以圓鋼為原料，切片後經沖壓制成。大軸承座圈還將實心棒料掏空來制作，金屬利用率不到40%，迫切需要高精度、軸承鋼厚壁管材。
(7) Bearing industry: At present, the high-precision cold-drawn steel tube rolling bearing seat ring pr透水地坪oduced by Liaocheng Pengyu steel pipe is made of round steel as raw material, sliced and stamped. Large bearing seat ring will also be solid rod hollow to produce, metal utilization rate is less than 40%, the urgent need for high precision, bearing steel thick-walled pipe.
（8）汽車工業：95年傳動軸用精密管6000噸，半軸套管1萬噸和各種輸油管等。
(8) Automobile industry: in 1995, 6000 tons of precision pipes were used for transmission shafts, 10,000 tons of semi-shaft sleeves and various oil pipelines.
（9）航空工業：鋁合金飛機起落架管和厚壁鋼管等。
(9) aviation industry: aluminum alloy aircraft landing gear tube and thick wall steel pipe.
（10）千斤頂行業：我國千斤頂制造有相當實力，出口創匯前景可觀。各生產企業目前千斤頂缸多采用實心棒料加工，生產效益低，材料浪費高，對高精度冷拔管需求迫切。
(10) Jack industry: China's Jack manufacturing has considerable strength, and the prospect of export earning is considerable. At present, most of the jack jacks are processed with solid bars, which has low production efficiency and high material waste. Therefore, there is an urgent need for high precision cold drawing pipe.
（11）其他領域：各種印染輥、輥道托輥用管、不銹鋼管、鋁管、銅管、異型管及內外復合管等等均可采用聊城鵬煜鋼管的高精度冷拔鋼管技術生產。
(11) Other fields: all kinds of printing and dyeing rollers, roll idler pipes, stainless steel pipes, aluminum pipes, copper pipes, special-shaped pipes and internal and external composite pipes can be produced by high-precision cold-drawn pipe technology of Liaocheng Pengyu steel pipe.